#24 The Bow and Arrow

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The Bow and Arrow Script

Hi. Good morning everybody. How are you today? This week, I want to talk to you about the bow and arrow, and something called the archer’s paradox, which I think is rather interesting. Before that, as always, don’t forget, if you click on the link in the About section below here, you can find the script for this talk, you can find questions and you can find answers. And, if you have any ideas for topics you’d like me to talk about, please put them in the comments below. And as always, if you like these talks, please subscribe and you can get them every week.

So, a bow and arrow. Where … when were the bow and arrow invented? Well, we don’t actually know, to be honest. They probably existed about 64,000 years ago, probably. Why don’t we know? Well, because, what is a bow and what is an arrow made of? They are mostly made of wood, and the string is made of animal parts, dried animal sinew, and the arrow is made of wood as well. And what happens to wood? Well, it disintegrates. If you put it on the ground it biodegrades. It gets eaten by bacteria and it disappears. The same with trees outside that die. However, the arrowhead, the top of the arrow, those sometimes last, and they last because they’re basically made of stone, or flint, or obsidian, which is a type of volcanic rock, I think. And, if you get shot with an arrow, the shaft of the arrow very well may biodegrade, but the stone will not. Now, generally, those stones look like regular stones, but quite often, if they’re found inside somebody, you can say, “Ah. That was an arrowhead.” And, of course, arrows and spears are different because a spear head is much bigger than an arrowhead, because it has to be weighted for the spear to fly correctly, which means an arrowhead is much smaller. So, if somebody … if you find a skeleton with obsidian blades inside them, most likely they were shot by an arrow. So, we can guess that arrows and … bows and arrows existed about 64 – 65,000 years ago, which was the Upper Paleolithic period of human life. Continue reading

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#23 Penicillin

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Penicillin Script

Hi. Good morning everybody. How are you? I want to talk to you about penicillin today. First though, don’t forget, if you click on the link in the about section below here, you can find the script for this talk and you can find the … you can find some questions and you can find sample answers and things like that. Have a look. If you like this, subscribe, like, all that kind of stuff.

So, penicillin. What is penicillin? Well, basically, penicillin is an antibiotic. It’s one of the group of antibiotics. What do antibiotics do? Well, they kill bacteria, basically. So, to talk about penicillin, of course, we have to start by talking about bacteria. What are bacteria? Bacteria, of course, are single celled organisms. Bacteria are generally a few micrometers long, which I cannot do with my fingers of course, because that’s tiny. You cannot see them with the naked eye. There are many, there are trillions … there are quintillions of bacteria in the world. You have about 39 trillion bacteria inside your own body, and they live in your stomach, most of them. What they do is, they help break down the food that you eat. Without those bacteria breaking down the food in your stomach, you couldn’t process all of the food. You would have to pass it pretty much solid, and you wouldn’t be able to extract the nutrients and the sugars, and all the good things from those foods. So, we need bacteria. Continue reading

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#22 The Moon Landing Conspiracy (I don’t believe in it)

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The Moon Landing Conspiracy Script

Hi. Good afternoon everybody. How are you? I hope you had a good lunch. As always, if you go to my home page: stevenaskew.com you can find the script for this talk and all my other talks. You can find questions, you can find the answers, and you can download the MP3. Practice your listening, practice your writing, practice your reading. Your English will get better.

A couple of months ago I did a talk about the moon and while I was doing that I mentioned the moon landing conspiracy, and I thought I would talk a little bit about that today, because it’s actually quite interesting. Not because of the conspiracy itself, but more because of what it says about people in general. So, let’s have a quick look at that. Continue reading

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# 21 The Wright Brothers

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The Wright Brothers

Hi. Good afternoon everybody. Today I want to talk to you about the Wright Brothers for a while. But, before that, don’t forget, as always, if you go to my homepage: stevenaskew.com you can find the script for this talk and all my other talks. You can find questions. You can find answers. You can download the MP3. If you want to subscribe, please do. If you have any ideas or topics you’d like me to talk about, please put them in the comments below here.

Thank you. Right, the Wright Brothers. You’ve probably heard of them. Who were the Wright Brothers? What were they famous for? Well, the Wright brothers of course, are commonly known as the first people to fly a powered aircraft. So, how did that come about? Well, the Wright Brothers, Wilbur and Orville Wright, were two of seven brothers and sisters. Wilbur was born in 1867, Orville in 1871. They were pretty close together in age. Throughout their lives, Orville was generally the brains, I suppose you would say, although they were both indispensable to each other. You couldn’t have one without the other. And they both went to the same school. Orville actually quit first, and he went and set up a printing business. Wright printers. He printed commercially. He also printed a newspaper. His brother Wilbur joined him pretty quickly and together they went on to produce this newspaper called the West Side News. They didn’t produce it for very long. About five or six years. They generally made a living printing commercially. Continue reading

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#20 North Korea

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North Korea Script

Hi. Good morning everybody. I hope you can hear me today. I’ve still got a bit of a cold. I can’t seem to shift it. I’ve had it for almost two months now. Hopefully I’ll get over it soon. Don’t forget, as always, if you go to my home page: stevenaskew.com you can find the script for this talk and all my other talks. You can find questions. You can find sample answers and you can find the MP3 to download as well. If you subscribe, you can get these talks whenever I make them. And if you have any other ideas you’d like me to talk about, please put them in the comments below here. I’d love to have some feedback. Thank you.

All right. Today, we’re going to talk about North Korea. Well, Korea and North Korea I suppose. Let’s look at the history first of all. So, the North Korean, well, the Korean Peninsula. Civilization … evidence of civilization … was … has been found there, dating from about ten thousand years ago. So, people have been living in that area for about ten millennia. Over time, those groups of people gradually grew together and formed larger and larger groups, as they did in most countries, until we had three main kingdoms. Continue reading

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How to Read Big Numbers

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#19 The Bicycle

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Bicycles Script

Hi. Good afternoon everybody. How are you today? Don’t forget, same as always, if you go to my homepage: stevenaskew.com, you can find the script for this talk and all my other talks, and you can find sample questions, answers, and the MP3, of course. Anyway, I hope you enjoy it.

Today, I’d like to talk to you about bicycles. Now, I use my bicycle a lot. I cycle to and from work every day. I live very close to a streetcar and a subway station, but I cycle as much as possible. I have a seat that goes on the back for my daughter and we cycle a lot. Right now, it’s winter and there’s a lot of snow on the ground, but I’ve bought myself some winter tires, so I can even cycle in weather like this. The tires grip pretty well when it’s icy or compacted snow. When it’s fresh, loose snow I slip a bit and obviously I don’t put my daughter on the back in the snow. So, I cycle a lot. I like my bicycle, and of course I wear a helmet. Safety conscious. Continue reading

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#18 The Moon

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The Moon Script

 

Hi. Good morning everybody. How are you? I’ve got a bit of a cold so I’m going to try and make this quite a short talk I think. As usual, don’t forget if you go to my site, stevenaskew.com, you can find the script for this talk and all my others and you can find listening questions and sample answers and things like that. And, if you want to hear more of these talks, please subscribe.

Today we’re going to talk about the moon. What is a moon? Well, a moon is basically any celestial body that orbits another celestial body. So, in our solar system alone we have 168 moons. Jupiter has 64, which is a lot. Earth, of course, only has one. Now, we say “the” moon when we refer to our moon. We say a moon when we refer to any of the other moons. OK? Continue reading

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#17 McDonald’s

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McDonald’s Script

Hi. Good morning everybody. How are you today? Before I begin, as always, I’d just like to say that if you go to my site: stevenaskew.com, you can find the script for this talk and some listening questions and sample answers, as you can for all of my other talks. And, if you want to keep listening, if you want to keep learning something in English, then don’t forget to subscribe.

Today, I want to talk to you about McDonald’s. Now, McDonald’s is a little bit of a guilty pleasure of mine. I do like McDonald’s. I know a lot of people don’t. A lot of people say you shouldn’t eat McDonald’s, but I do actually like McDonald’s. I don’t eat it very often. Possibly once every two months, but when I do go I tend to overindulge. I might have a Big Mac set, a super-sized Big Mac set and some chicken nuggets and a drink and a coffee. Probably quite a lot, but, still, I don’t have it very often. It is a little bit of a pleasure of mine. Continue reading

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#16 3D Printing

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3D Printing Script

 

Hi. Good morning everybody. How are you today? I hope you can hear me. I’m in a different room today and my voice kind of echoes. When I edit, I’ll try and use something to reduce the echo if I can. I hope you can hear it.

Anyway, as usual, don’t forget, after you watch this, if you go to my site, stevenaskew.com, you can download the script for this talk, and all of my other talks, and you can find some listening questions and sample answers as well. Please, try. The more you read, write, listen, and speak, the better your English will get. And, as always, these topics are things that I find interesting, but if you have anything you’d like me to research and talk about, please put it in the comments below here. I love learning about stuff so, anything you want, I’ll research.

OK, today we’re going to talk a little bit about 3D printing. Now, there are two types of 3D printing. Well, there are many types of 3D printing, but there are two basic types of 3D printing on the commercial market. The first one, the very basic type, is the layer system. Now, if I go and print something from a regular printer, a 2D printer, what it does is it puts a layer of ink onto the piece of paper. Now, 3D printing is exactly the same as that except on top of the first layer it puts a second layer. So, if I want to 3D print my head, for example, and who wouldn’t? Then what I basically do is I make a design of my head on a computer, and the design splits it up into thousands of layers, and it just prints layer on top of layer on top of layer. And, in the end, you get my head. I might do that later. Continue reading

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